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Barium

Ba
Atomic Number:
Atomic Weight:
Element Type:
Crystal Structure:
Melting Point:
Boiling Point:
Critical Temp:
Atomic Radius:
Covalent Radius:
Electronegativity:
56
137.327
Alkali Earth Metal
Cubic Body Centered
727.0°C = 1340.6°F = 1000.15 K
1897.0°C = 3446.6°F = 2170.15 K
°C = °F = K
2.78 Å (Å = Angstrom = 10-10 m)
1.98 Å
0.89

Discovery

(Gr. barys, heavy) Baryta was distinguished from lime by Scheele in 1774; the elementwas discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1808.

Sources

Barium is only found combined with other elements, primarily in barite or heavy spar (sulfate) and witherite (carbonate). The element is prepared by the electrolysis of its chloride.

Uses

Barium is used as a 'getter' in vacuum tubes. Its compounds are used in pigments, paints, glassmaking, as weighting compounds, in the manufacture of rubber, in rat poison, and in pyrotechnics.


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